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The basic characteristics
#1
Here a simple but handy characterization of the Republican Party:

Quote:Ronald Reagan used to describe the Republican Party as a kind of three-part coalition. Each part was primarily motivated by its pet issue: national defense, free-market economics, traditional values. Together these comprised a "three-legged stool" that supported the party. Saw off any of the legs and the stool collapsed--taking the party down with it. Trump makes no sense when viewed through this lens. He doesn't know enough about foreign policy to count as being strong on national defense. He's not a free-markets guy at all. No one would mistake him for a social conservative. So how can he be so popular?
How the Republican Party imploded - Business Insider

Here is David Brooks, conservative intellectual, who argues that the traditional Pavlov anti-government ("government isn't the solution, it's the problem") has had its best days. 

Quote:This isn’t about winning the presidency in 2016 anymore. This is about something much bigger. Every 50 or 60 years, parties undergo a transformation. The G.O.P. is undergoing one right now. What happens this year will set the party’s trajectory for decades. Since Goldwater/Reagan, the G.O.P. has been governed by a free-market, anti-government philosophy. But over the ensuing decades new problems have emerged.

First, the economy has gotten crueler. Technology is displacing workers and globalization is dampening wages. Second, the social structure has atomized and frayed, especially among the less educated. Third, demography is shifting. Orthodox Republicans, seeing no positive role for government, have had no affirmative agenda to help people deal with these new problems. Occasionally some conservative policy mavens have proposed such an agenda — anti-poverty programs, human capital policies, wage subsidies and the like — but the proposals were killed, usually in the House, by the anti-government crowd. The 1980s anti-government orthodoxy still has many followers; Ted Cruz is the extreme embodiment of this tendency. But it has grown increasingly rigid, unresponsive and obsolete. 

Along comes Donald Trump offering to replace it and change the nature of the G.O.P. He tramples all over the anti-government ideology of modern Republicanism. He would replace the free-market orthodoxy with authoritarian nationalism. He offers to use government on behalf of the American working class, but in negative and defensive ways: to build walls, to close trade, to ban outside groups, to smash enemies. According to him, America’s problems aren’t caused by deep structural shifts. They’re caused by morons and parasites. The Great Leader will take them down.
It’s Not Too Late! - The New York Times

Brooks cuts a lonely figure Here's the thing. Many of the Republican voters aren't nearly as anti-government as the party ideologues have it, much of the base basically wants to keep social security and don't expect miracles from tax cuts for the rich, and Trump has latched on to this.
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#2
Quote:Orthodox conservatism says we can no longer afford to pay Social Security and Medicare benefits as promised. It says we can't deliver health coverage to all Americans. It says that job declines in the manufacturing sector are the inevitable result of global economic change — and that the solution to job loss in the Rust Belt is to move. Trump is not bound by any of these orthodoxies, which is why he can promise to fulfill more of voters' hopes and dreams.
Donald Trump: The candidate of optimism - Business Insider

Quote:After all, what is the modern GOP? A simple model that accounts for just about everything you see is that it’s an engine designed to harness white resentment on behalf of higher incomes for the donor class. What we call the Republican establishment is really a network of organizations that represent donor interests because they’re supported by donor money. These organizations impose ideological purity with a combination of carrots and sticks: assured support for politicians and pundits who toe the line, sanctions against anyone who veers from orthodoxy — excommunication if you’re an independent thinking pundit, a primary challenge from the Club for Growth if you’re an imperfectly reliable politician.
The Pathos of Republican Reformers - The New York Times

Quote:In 1980, the third-party Presidential candidate John Anderson succinctly summed up Ronald Reagan’s promise to simultaneously cut taxes, increase defense spending, keep government services intact, and balance the budget: “Reagan’s budget is constructed with mirrors.” Sure enough, Reagan presided over eight years of deficits that tripled the national debt. Yet the Republican faith that you can tax-cut your way to deficit reduction has never dimmed. This year’s Republican race is dominated by candidates whose budgetary plans make Reagan’s look downright reasonable.
The Campaign of Magical Thinking - The New Yorker
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#3
Trumpized or Crucified, what is it?

Quote:But today’s Republican Party has undeniably become Trumpized. You can see it in the campaign of his rival for the nomination, Senator Ted Cruz, who has insisted Trump is unfit to hold office even as he’s hardened his own stance on immigration and mimicked the frontrunner’s xenophobia. Trying to outbid Trump’s promise to deport 11 million undocumented immigrants—and then provide a mechanism for allowing the ones who are law-abiding to return—Cruz has said he’ll deport all these people but not let any back in. Trump’s birtherism and Islamophobia once seemed shocking in a major political figure, but Cruz has mirrored it by surrounding himself with advisers like Frank Gaffney, founder of the far-right Center of Security Policy and a notorious conspiracy theorist who believes the Muslim Brotherhood has infiltrated the highest levels of American government. Together, Cruz and Trump had won 77 percent of Republican delegates through the March 15 primaries. That’s hardly an indication that Trumpism is somehow an outlier, a momentary eruption, in the GOP.
Republic of Fear | New Republic

Quote:Indeed, this implacability is more reminiscent of how Ted Cruz has operated in the Senate, with his demands to shut down the government over Obamacare in 2013. Cruz actually sees that event as his defining moment, even though it accomplished nothing. And his acolytes in the House are following this script. We’re seeing the Cruz-ification of the Republican Party, not the Trump-ification. It’s worth noting that senators despise Cruz for what they consider doomed, self-serving gambits.
Paul Ryan's budget is tearing GOP apart - Business Insider
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